Immunology
Immune System Disorders (Educational)
An overview of how the immune system works and what happens when it malfunctions — including primary immunodeficiencies and autoimmune conditions. Important for patients with recurrent infections.
Medically Reviewed
Dr. Payel Gupta, MD
Triple Board-Certified Allergist & Immunologist
Last reviewed: May 2026
Overview
Educational overview of how immune system disorders relate to allergy. Allergic diseases involve an overactive or misdirected immune response to normally harmless substances.
topics
- Role of IgE and mast cells in allergy
- Difference between allergy and autoimmune conditions
- When to consider immunodeficiency
- How immunotherapy can modify the immune response
testing
- Allergy testing
- Immunoglobulin levels when immunodeficiency suspected
- Specialized testing as indicated
treatment
approach
Management depends on the specific disorder—allergy treatment (avoidance, medications, immunotherapy), immunosuppression for autoimmune conditions, or immunoglobulin replacement for some immunodeficiencies.
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